Multiple stakeholders in the aviation industry have committed to reaching carbon neutrality by 2050. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is emerging as the only feasible solution for mid to long-haul flights responsible for circa 70% of the aviation CO₂ emissions.

This paper summarises the available pathways of deriving SAF and investigates the cost of using SAF for specific aircraft types. Several simulations included quantify the additional cost of SAF borne by airlines or potentially passed on to passengers or investors.

Calculations indicate that for smaller SAF blend quantities, even at today’s prices, the overall cost of SAF may be considered affordable when assessed on a cost per passengers basis. For new technology aircraft, on short-haul flights, the cost per passenger per flight is 2.5 USD for a 10% blend of SAF, under specific assumptions. For twin-aisle aircraft used on long-haul flights, the cost per passenger per flight is 10.5 USD for a 10% blend of SAF.

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